Vram: Similar to RAM but to store whatever the GPU is rendering. More will not necessarily mean better FPS but not enough will definitely hit the performance
4 GB is good for 1080p
8 GB is good for 1440p to 4k
Core Clock: the frequency at which the GPU is running, measured in HZ. Can be used to compare the power between the same version but not different version as different architecture can make those comparisons invalid
Boost Clock: the speed a card can boost itself to under a heavy processing load
Thermal throttling: the speed the card drops down when it gets too hot
Memory clock: memory bandwidth
Memory Bus Width
Type of Memory: GDDR5, GDDR5X, etc
CUDO Cores - Computed Unifed Device Architecture
NVIDIA custom programming language
The physical cores in an NVIDIA GPU (Stream Processors in AMD GPUs)